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Automatic fault locator (AFL) For Railways

At GK Expertise, we specialize in the supply, installation, testing, and commissioning of Automatic Fault Locators (AFLs) for 2×25 kV AC traction systems. Our advanced solutions are tailored to enhance the efficiency, reliability, and safety of railway electrification systems.

Measuring Unit

GK Expertise proudly introduces the GKAFL-M Automatic Fault Locator Measuring Unit, engineered to meet the RDSO Specification TI/SPC/PSI/AFL/0240. This cutting-edge AFL measuring unit is designed for precision fault detection and location in railway electrification systems, ensuring enhanced operational efficiency and reliability.

Application

Type of Fault detection (T-R & F-R)
AT CB status Monitoring
AT Neutral CT healthiness Monitoring
Measuring all Neutral currents of AT, Traction line voltages.
All measured data will stored by MU and transferred to CU once the Trigger Signal from CU.

Key Features

20×4 LCD Alpha Numeric Display
8 Human Interface Keys
Self Diagnostic Features
Individual LED for AT CB ON/OFF Status
IEC 60870-5-104 communication protocol
for CU & MU Communication

Technical Data Overview

Rated Voltage – 110VDC
IP – IP54

Calulating Unit

GK Expertise introduces the GKAFL-C Automatic Fault Locator Calculating Unit, an advanced solution tailored to meet the RDSO Specification TI/SPC/PSI/AFL/0240. Designed for precision and reliability, this calculating unit is integral to efficient fault management in 2×25 kV AC traction systems.

Application

Collecting all AT neutral CT currents,
Traction line voltage/fault type, Failure of ATs
Neutral CT from MUs.
Collects Traction Current, Feeder current,
Traction voltage for T-F Fault.
CU send a health check command to MU,
ensure the MU healthiness.
Transfer Fault distance along with fault type,
Communication fail, MU & CU Fail to RCC
through SCADA.
Calculate Fault distance:
T-F Fault – Reactance Method
T-R & F-R – AT Neutral current ratio

Key Features

20 x 4 LCD Alpha Numeric Display
8 Haman Interface Keys
Self Diagnostic Features
Individual LED for Fault Trigger, MU fail, Communication fail & AT CT fail
IEC 6-870-5-103 and IEC 61850 communication protocol for RTU

Event Logging

Stores the last 20 fault events and 5000 system events for analysis.
Records details such as fault type, distance, timestamp, and system health information

Technical Data Overview

Rated Voltage – 110VDC
IP – IP54

Architecture of Automatic fault locator (AFL)

Automatic fault locator (AFL) Panels

Automatic Fault Locator – TSS Panel

Panel Composition:

2 Calculating Unit (CU) for fault distance calculation and
centralized control.
2 Measuring Units (MUs) for each direction (left and
right) at TSS.
Data Collection:
The MUs measure:
Auto Transformer (AT) neutral currents.
Traction line voltage.
Circuit breaker (CB) ON/OFF status.
Neutral CT health.
Fault Detection:
Traction to Earth (T-E)
Feeder to Earth (F-E) &
Traction to Feeder (T-F).
Communication and Integration:
Interfaces with SCADA for real-time data transfer to the Remote Control Center (RCC).
Uses LAN extenders and media converters for robust communication.
User Interface and Alarms:
Features a backlit LCD display for fault details and event logs.
Provides audible and visual alarms for system health issues and failures.

Automatic Fault Locator – SP Panel

Panel Composition:

2 Measuring Units (MUs): One for the left end of the SP and one for the right end.
Data Collection:
The MUs measure:
Auto Transformer (AT) neutral currents.
Traction line voltage.
Circuit breaker (CB) ON/OFF status.
Neutral CT health.
Status of bridging interrupters.
Fault Detection:
Captures fault-related data and transmits it to the CU at TSS for fault localization and type determination.
Communication and Integration:
Data is sent to the TSS CU via a communication medium (LAN
extenders/media converters).
Health Monitoring and Alerts:
Monitors the status of connected equipment and sends alerts to the TSS CU for communication or equipment failures.

Automatic Fault Locator – SSP Panel

Panel Composition:

1 Measuring Unit (MU) installed at the SSP.
Data Collection:
The MUs measure:
Auto Transformer (AT) neutral currents.
Traction line voltage.
Circuit breaker (CB) ON/OFF status.
Neutral CT health.
Fault Detection:
Captures fault-related parameters and sends them to the CU at TSS for fault distance calculation and type determination.
Communication and Integration:
Data is sent to the TSS CU via communication channels (LAN extenders/media converters).
Health Monitoring and Alerts:
Monitors the status of the MU and connected equipment.
Sends failure alerts (MU, CT, communication) to the TSS CU.

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Automatic Fault Locator – TSS Panel

Automatic Fault Locator – SP Panel

Automatic Fault Locator – SSP Panel

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